A diverticular abscess is a pocket of infection that forms in the wall of the colon, usually as a complication of diverticulitis. Diverticulitis occurs when small pouches called diverticula in the colon become inflamed or infected. If the infection worsens, it can lead to an abscess, which is a localized collection of pus.

What Causes a Diverticular Abscess?

The main cause of a diverticular abscess is the rupture or perforation of a diverticulum, allowing bacteria to invade surrounding tissues. Factors that increase the risk include a low-fiber diet, aging, obesity, and a history of diverticulitis. Symptoms often develop gradually and may include pain, fever, and chills.

Symptoms of a Diverticular Abscess

  • Severe abdominal pain, usually on the lower left side
  • Fever and chills
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Feeling of fullness or bloating
  • Changes in bowel habits, such as constipation or diarrhea

How Is It Treated?

Treatment for a diverticular abscess depends on its size and severity. Small abscesses may resolve with antibiotics and supportive care, while larger abscesses might require more invasive procedures.

Medical Management

Most cases are treated with antibiotics to eliminate the infection. Patients are advised to rest, stay hydrated, and follow a special diet. In some cases, hospitalization is necessary for intravenous antibiotics and close monitoring.

Drainage Procedures

If the abscess is large or not responding to antibiotics, a procedure called drainage may be performed. This involves inserting a needle or catheter to drain the pus, often guided by imaging techniques like ultrasound or CT scan.

Prevention and Follow-up

Preventing diverticular abscesses involves managing diverticulitis effectively through diet, lifestyle changes, and regular medical check-ups. Increasing fiber intake and avoiding foods that irritate the colon can reduce the risk of flare-ups. Follow-up care is essential to monitor recovery and prevent future complications.