Anaphylaxis is a severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction that requires immediate attention. Recognizing the symptoms early can save lives. This article explains how to identify anaphylaxis and the appropriate response steps.

Signs and Symptoms of Anaphylaxis

  • Skin reactions: Hives, itching, flushing, or swelling of the face, lips, or tongue.
  • Respiratory issues: Difficulty breathing, wheezing, throat tightness, or a feeling of choking.
  • Gastrointestinal symptoms: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or abdominal pain.
  • Other signs: Dizziness, fainting, or a rapid heartbeat.

How to Respond to Anaphylaxis

If you suspect someone is experiencing anaphylaxis, act quickly. Follow these steps:

  • Call emergency services immediately. Dial your local emergency number (such as 911).
  • Administer epinephrine: Use an auto-injector if available. Inject into the outer thigh and hold for several seconds.
  • Lay the person down: Keep them calm and comfortable, and elevate their legs if possible.
  • Monitor their breathing: Be prepared to perform CPR if necessary.
  • Seek medical attention: Even if symptoms improve, the person should be evaluated by healthcare professionals.

Preventing Future Reactions

People with known allergies should carry an epinephrine auto-injector at all times. Avoid known allergens and inform friends, family, and colleagues about your allergies. Wearing a medical alert bracelet can also help in emergencies.